DataHooks

class pytorch_lightning.core.hooks.DataHooks

Bases: object

Hooks to be used for data related stuff.

prepare_data_per_node

If True, each LOCAL_RANK=0 will call prepare data. Otherwise only NODE_RANK=0, LOCAL_RANK=0 will prepare data.

allow_zero_length_dataloader_with_multiple_devices

If True, dataloader with zero length within local rank is allowed. Default value is False.

on_after_batch_transfer(batch, dataloader_idx)

Override to alter or apply batch augmentations to your batch after it is transferred to the device.

Note

To check the current state of execution of this hook you can use self.trainer.training/testing/validating/predicting so that you can add different logic as per your requirement.

Note

This hook only runs on single GPU training and DDP (no data-parallel). Data-Parallel support will come in near future.

Parameters

• batch (Any) – A batch of data that needs to be altered or augmented.

• dataloader_idx (int) – The index of the dataloader to which the batch belongs.

Return type

Any

Returns

A batch of data

Example:

def on_after_batch_transfer(self, batch, dataloader_idx):
    batch['x'] = gpu_transforms(batch['x'])
    return batch

Raises

• MisconfigurationException – If using data-parallel, Trainer(strategy='dp').

• MisconfigurationException – If using IPUs, Trainer(accelerator='ipu').

See also

• on_before_batch_transfer()

• transfer_batch_to_device()

on_before_batch_transfer(batch, dataloader_idx)

Override to alter or apply batch augmentations to your batch before it is transferred to the device.

Note

To check the current state of execution of this hook you can use self.trainer.training/testing/validating/predicting so that you can add different logic as per your requirement.

Note

This hook only runs on single GPU training and DDP (no data-parallel). Data-Parallel support will come in near future.

Parameters

• batch (Any) – A batch of data that needs to be altered or augmented.

• dataloader_idx (int) – The index of the dataloader to which the batch belongs.

Return type

Any

Returns

A batch of data

Example:

def on_before_batch_transfer(self, batch, dataloader_idx):
    batch['x'] = transforms(batch['x'])
    return batch

See also

• on_after_batch_transfer()

• transfer_batch_to_device()

predict_dataloader()

Implement one or multiple PyTorch DataLoaders for prediction.

It’s recommended that all data downloads and preparation happen in prepare_data().

• predict()

• prepare_data()

• setup()

Note

Lightning adds the correct sampler for distributed and arbitrary hardware There is no need to set it yourself.

Return type

Union[DataLoader, Sequence[DataLoader]]

Returns

A torch.utils.data.DataLoader or a sequence of them specifying prediction samples.

Note

In the case where you return multiple prediction dataloaders, the predict_step() will have an argument dataloader_idx which matches the order here.

prepare_data()

Use this to download and prepare data. Downloading and saving data with multiple processes (distributed settings) will result in corrupted data. Lightning ensures this method is called only within a single process, so you can safely add your downloading logic within.

Warning

DO NOT set state to the model (use setup instead) since this is NOT called on every device

Example:

def prepare_data(self):
    # good
    download_data()
    tokenize()
    etc()

    # bad
    self.split = data_split
    self.some_state = some_other_state()

In a distributed environment, prepare_data can be called in two ways (using prepare_data_per_node)

1. Once per node. This is the default and is only called on LOCAL_RANK=0.

2. Once in total. Only called on GLOBAL_RANK=0.

Example:

# DEFAULT
# called once per node on LOCAL_RANK=0 of that node
class LitDataModule(LightningDataModule):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.prepare_data_per_node = True


# call on GLOBAL_RANK=0 (great for shared file systems)
class LitDataModule(LightningDataModule):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.prepare_data_per_node = False

This is called before requesting the dataloaders:

model.prepare_data()
initialize_distributed()
model.setup(stage)
model.train_dataloader()
model.val_dataloader()
model.test_dataloader()
model.predict_dataloader()

Return type

None

setup(stage)

Called at the beginning of fit (train + validate), validate, test, or predict. This is a good hook when you need to build models dynamically or adjust something about them. This hook is called on every process when using DDP.

Parameters

stage (str) – either 'fit', 'validate', 'test', or 'predict'

Example:

class LitModel(...):
    def __init__(self):
        self.l1 = None

    def prepare_data(self):
        download_data()
        tokenize()

        # don't do this
        self.something = else

    def setup(self, stage):
        data = load_data(...)
        self.l1 = nn.Linear(28, data.num_classes)

Return type

None

teardown(stage)

Called at the end of fit (train + validate), validate, test, or predict.

Parameters

stage (str) – either 'fit', 'validate', 'test', or 'predict'

Return type

None

test_dataloader()

Implement one or multiple PyTorch DataLoaders for testing.

For data processing use the following pattern:

• download in prepare_data()

• process and split in setup()

However, the above are only necessary for distributed processing.

Warning

do not assign state in prepare_data

• test()

• prepare_data()

• setup()

Note

Lightning adds the correct sampler for distributed and arbitrary hardware. There is no need to set it yourself.

Return type

Union[DataLoader, Sequence[DataLoader]]

Returns

A torch.utils.data.DataLoader or a sequence of them specifying testing samples.

Example:

def test_dataloader(self):
    transform = transforms.Compose([transforms.ToTensor(),
                                    transforms.Normalize((0.5,), (1.0,))])
    dataset = MNIST(root='/path/to/mnist/', train=False, transform=transform,
                    download=True)
    loader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(
        dataset=dataset,
        batch_size=self.batch_size,
        shuffle=False
    )

    return loader

# can also return multiple dataloaders
def test_dataloader(self):
    return [loader_a, loader_b, ..., loader_n]

Note

If you don’t need a test dataset and a test_step(), you don’t need to implement this method.

Note

In the case where you return multiple test dataloaders, the test_step() will have an argument dataloader_idx which matches the order here.

train_dataloader()

Implement one or more PyTorch DataLoaders for training.

Return type

Union[DataLoader, Sequence[DataLoader], Sequence[Sequence[DataLoader]], Sequence[Dict[str, DataLoader]], Dict[str, DataLoader], Dict[str, Dict[str, DataLoader]], Dict[str, Sequence[DataLoader]]]

Returns

A collection of torch.utils.data.DataLoader specifying training samples. In the case of multiple dataloaders, please see this section.

The dataloader you return will not be reloaded unless you set reload_dataloaders_every_n_epochs to a positive integer.

For data processing use the following pattern:

• download in prepare_data()

• process and split in setup()

However, the above are only necessary for distributed processing.

Warning

do not assign state in prepare_data

• fit()

• prepare_data()

• setup()

Note

Lightning adds the correct sampler for distributed and arbitrary hardware. There is no need to set it yourself.

Example:

# single dataloader
def train_dataloader(self):
    transform = transforms.Compose([transforms.ToTensor(),
                                    transforms.Normalize((0.5,), (1.0,))])
    dataset = MNIST(root='/path/to/mnist/', train=True, transform=transform,
                    download=True)
    loader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(
        dataset=dataset,
        batch_size=self.batch_size,
        shuffle=True
    )
    return loader

# multiple dataloaders, return as list
def train_dataloader(self):
    mnist = MNIST(...)
    cifar = CIFAR(...)
    mnist_loader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(
        dataset=mnist, batch_size=self.batch_size, shuffle=True
    )
    cifar_loader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(
        dataset=cifar, batch_size=self.batch_size, shuffle=True
    )
    # each batch will be a list of tensors: [batch_mnist, batch_cifar]
    return [mnist_loader, cifar_loader]

# multiple dataloader, return as dict
def train_dataloader(self):
    mnist = MNIST(...)
    cifar = CIFAR(...)
    mnist_loader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(
        dataset=mnist, batch_size=self.batch_size, shuffle=True
    )
    cifar_loader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(
        dataset=cifar, batch_size=self.batch_size, shuffle=True
    )
    # each batch will be a dict of tensors: {'mnist': batch_mnist, 'cifar': batch_cifar}
    return {'mnist': mnist_loader, 'cifar': cifar_loader}

transfer_batch_to_device(batch, device, dataloader_idx)

Override this hook if your DataLoader returns tensors wrapped in a custom data structure.

The data types listed below (and any arbitrary nesting of them) are supported out of the box:

• torch.Tensor or anything that implements .to(…)

• list

• dict

• tuple

For anything else, you need to define how the data is moved to the target device (CPU, GPU, TPU, …).

Note

This hook should only transfer the data and not modify it, nor should it move the data to any other device than the one passed in as argument (unless you know what you are doing). To check the current state of execution of this hook you can use self.trainer.training/testing/validating/predicting so that you can add different logic as per your requirement.

Note

This hook only runs on single GPU training and DDP (no data-parallel). Data-Parallel support will come in near future.

Parameters

• batch (Any) – A batch of data that needs to be transferred to a new device.

• device (device) – The target device as defined in PyTorch.

• dataloader_idx (int) – The index of the dataloader to which the batch belongs.

Return type

Any

Returns

A reference to the data on the new device.

Example:

def transfer_batch_to_device(self, batch, device, dataloader_idx):
    if isinstance(batch, CustomBatch):
        # move all tensors in your custom data structure to the device
        batch.samples = batch.samples.to(device)
        batch.targets = batch.targets.to(device)
    elif dataloader_idx == 0:
        # skip device transfer for the first dataloader or anything you wish
        pass
    else:
        batch = super().transfer_batch_to_device(batch, device, dataloader_idx)
    return batch

Raises

• MisconfigurationException – If using data-parallel, Trainer(strategy='dp').

• MisconfigurationException – If using IPUs, Trainer(accelerator='ipu').

See also

• move_data_to_device()

• apply_to_collection()

val_dataloader()

Implement one or multiple PyTorch DataLoaders for validation.

The dataloader you return will not be reloaded unless you set reload_dataloaders_every_n_epochs to a positive integer.

It’s recommended that all data downloads and preparation happen in prepare_data().

• fit()

• validate()

• prepare_data()

• setup()

Note

Lightning adds the correct sampler for distributed and arbitrary hardware There is no need to set it yourself.

Return type

Union[DataLoader, Sequence[DataLoader]]

Returns

A torch.utils.data.DataLoader or a sequence of them specifying validation samples.

Examples:

def val_dataloader(self):
    transform = transforms.Compose([transforms.ToTensor(),
                                    transforms.Normalize((0.5,), (1.0,))])
    dataset = MNIST(root='/path/to/mnist/', train=False,
                    transform=transform, download=True)
    loader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(
        dataset=dataset,
        batch_size=self.batch_size,
        shuffle=False
    )

    return loader

# can also return multiple dataloaders
def val_dataloader(self):
    return [loader_a, loader_b, ..., loader_n]

Note

If you don’t need a validation dataset and a validation_step(), you don’t need to implement this method.

Note

In the case where you return multiple validation dataloaders, the validation_step() will have an argument dataloader_idx which matches the order here.