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Source code for pytorch_lightning.strategies.ipu

# Copyright The Lightning AI team.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
import json
import os
from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, Iterable, List, Optional, Tuple, Union

import torch
from lightning_utilities.core.apply_func import apply_to_collection
from torch import Tensor
from torch.utils.data import DataLoader, Sampler

import pytorch_lightning as pl
from lightning_fabric.plugins import CheckpointIO, ClusterEnvironment
from lightning_fabric.utilities.cloud_io import get_filesystem
from pytorch_lightning.accelerators.ipu import _IPU_AVAILABLE, _POPTORCH_AVAILABLE
from pytorch_lightning.overrides.base import _LightningModuleWrapperBase
from pytorch_lightning.plugins.precision import PrecisionPlugin
from pytorch_lightning.strategies.parallel import ParallelStrategy
from pytorch_lightning.strategies.strategy import TBroadcast
from pytorch_lightning.strategies.utils import _fp_to_half
from pytorch_lightning.trainer.states import RunningStage, TrainerFn
from pytorch_lightning.utilities import rank_zero_warn
from pytorch_lightning.utilities.data import _get_dataloader_init_args_and_kwargs, _reinstantiate_wrapped_cls
from pytorch_lightning.utilities.exceptions import MisconfigurationException
from pytorch_lightning.utilities.model_helpers import is_overridden
from pytorch_lightning.utilities.types import STEP_OUTPUT

if _POPTORCH_AVAILABLE:
    import poptorch
else:
    poptorch = None


[docs]class IPUStrategy(ParallelStrategy): """Plugin for training on IPU devices.""" strategy_name = "ipu_strategy" def __init__( self, accelerator: Optional["pl.accelerators.Accelerator"] = None, device_iterations: int = 1, autoreport: bool = False, autoreport_dir: Optional[str] = None, parallel_devices: Optional[List[torch.device]] = None, cluster_environment: Optional[ClusterEnvironment] = None, checkpoint_io: Optional[CheckpointIO] = None, precision_plugin: Optional[PrecisionPlugin] = None, training_opts: Optional["poptorch.Options"] = None, inference_opts: Optional["poptorch.Options"] = None, ) -> None: """ Arguments: device_iterations: Number of iterations to run on device at once before returning to host. This can be used as an optimization to speed up training. https://docs.graphcore.ai/projects/poptorch-user-guide/en/latest/batching.html autoreport: Enable auto-reporting for IPUs using PopVision https://docs.graphcore.ai/projects/graphcore-popvision-user-guide/en/latest/graph/graph.html autoreport_dir: Optional directory to store autoReport output. training_opts: Optional ``poptorch.Options`` to override the default created options for training. inference_opts: Optional ``poptorch.Options`` to override the default created options for validation/testing and predicting. """ super().__init__( accelerator=accelerator, parallel_devices=parallel_devices, cluster_environment=cluster_environment, checkpoint_io=checkpoint_io, precision_plugin=precision_plugin, ) if not _IPU_AVAILABLE: raise MisconfigurationException( "The IPU Accelerator requires IPU devices to run. " "Learn more or get started with IPUs at https://www.graphcore.ai/getstarted" ) self.device_iterations = device_iterations self.autoreport = autoreport self.autoreport_dir = autoreport_dir self.poptorch_models: Dict[RunningStage, "poptorch.PoplarExecutor"] = {} self._training_opts = training_opts self._inference_opts = inference_opts if self.autoreport: options: Dict[str, Any] = {"autoReport.all": self.autoreport} if self.autoreport_dir: self._fs = get_filesystem(str(self.autoreport_dir)) self._fs.makedirs(self.autoreport_dir, exist_ok=True) options["autoReport.directory"] = self.autoreport_dir os.environ["POPLAR_ENGINE_OPTIONS"] = json.dumps(options) self._update_dataloader_original: Optional[Callable] = None self._optimizer_zero_grad_original: Optional[Callable] = None
[docs] def setup(self, trainer: "pl.Trainer") -> None: # set the `accumulate_grad_batches` property as early as possible self._handle_gradient_accumulation_steps() # patch the dataloader creation function with the custom `poptorch.DataLoader`. # this violates the intended control flow for the plugins, but since this is experimental, we have chosen # to use the simpler solution before adding abstractions to override the `DataLoader` class self._update_dataloader_original = pl.trainer.connectors.data_connector._update_dataloader pl.trainer.connectors.data_connector._update_dataloader = self._convert_to_poptorch_loader super().setup(trainer) assert self.lightning_module is not None # disable the `optimizer_zero_grad` function by setting it to `None`. # this is because the IPU zeros the gradients internally self._optimizer_zero_grad_original = self.lightning_module.optimizer_zero_grad self._disable_zero_grad() self.model = _LightningModuleWrapperBase(self.lightning_module) # reset the backup self.poptorch_models = {} # Separate models are instantiated for different stages, but they share the same weights on host. # When validation/test models are run, weights are synced first. trainer_fn = self.lightning_module.trainer.state.fn if trainer_fn == TrainerFn.FITTING: # Create model for training and validation which will run on fit training_opts = self.training_opts inference_opts = self.inference_opts optimizer = self.lightning_module.trainer.optimizers[0] model = poptorch.trainingModel(model=self.model, options=training_opts, optimizer=optimizer) self.poptorch_models[RunningStage.TRAINING] = model if self.lightning_module.trainer.enable_validation: model = poptorch.inferenceModel(model=self.model, options=inference_opts) self.poptorch_models[RunningStage.VALIDATING] = model if self.lightning_module.trainer.num_sanity_val_steps > 0: self.poptorch_models[RunningStage.SANITY_CHECKING] = model elif trainer_fn == TrainerFn.VALIDATING: model = poptorch.inferenceModel(model=self.model, options=self.inference_opts) self.poptorch_models[RunningStage.VALIDATING] = model elif trainer_fn == TrainerFn.TESTING: model = poptorch.inferenceModel(model=self.model, options=self.inference_opts) self.poptorch_models[RunningStage.TESTING] = model elif trainer_fn == TrainerFn.PREDICTING: model = poptorch.inferenceModel(model=self.model, options=self.inference_opts) self.poptorch_models[RunningStage.PREDICTING] = model
[docs] def setup_optimizers(self, trainer: "pl.Trainer") -> None: super().setup_optimizers(trainer) if len(self.optimizers) > 1: raise MisconfigurationException("IPUs currently only support one optimizer.")
@property def replication_factor(self) -> int: if not self.lightning_module or not self.poptorch_models: # The plugin has been passed in by the user and has not been connected to the Trainer. # Check if the user has passed in custom poptorch.Options to infer number of IPUs being used. # In this scenario we prioritize the training options. if self._training_opts: return self._training_opts.replication_factor if self._inference_opts: return self._inference_opts.replication_factor assert self.parallel_devices return len(self.parallel_devices) stage = self.lightning_module.trainer.state.stage assert stage is not None return self.poptorch_models[stage]._options.toDict()["replication_factor"] def _create_opts(self, training: bool) -> "poptorch.Options": assert self.lightning_module is not None opts = poptorch.Options() opts.deviceIterations(self.device_iterations) opts.replicationFactor(self.replication_factor) gradient_accumulation = self.lightning_module.trainer.accumulate_grad_batches if training else 1 opts.Training.gradientAccumulation(gradient_accumulation) if os.environ.get("PL_GLOBAL_SEED"): opts.randomSeed(int(os.environ["PL_GLOBAL_SEED"])) return opts @property def training_opts(self) -> "poptorch.Options": if self._training_opts is None: self._training_opts = self._create_opts(training=True) return self._training_opts @property def inference_opts(self) -> "poptorch.Options": if self._inference_opts is None: self._inference_opts = self._create_opts(training=False) return self._inference_opts def _convert_to_poptorch_loader( self, dataloader: DataLoader, sampler: Union[Sampler, Iterable], mode: Optional[RunningStage] = None ) -> "poptorch.DataLoader": if isinstance(dataloader, poptorch.DataLoader): # the user is returning the `poptorch.DataLoader` directly, don't change anything. return dataloader dl_args, dl_kwargs = _get_dataloader_init_args_and_kwargs( dataloader, sampler, mode, self.replication_factor > 1 ) opts = self.training_opts if mode == RunningStage.TRAINING else self.inference_opts dataloader = _reinstantiate_wrapped_cls( dataloader, opts, *dl_args, explicit_cls=poptorch.DataLoader, **dl_kwargs ) return dataloader def _handle_gradient_accumulation_steps(self) -> None: """Override the trainer.accumulation_scheduler to act as ``accumulate_grad_batches=1`` if gradient accumulation has been set. ``optimizer_step`` will be called on every batch, and the IPU will handle grad accumulation internally. """ assert self.lightning_module is not None accumulation_scheduler = self.lightning_module.trainer.accumulation_scheduler if accumulation_scheduler.epochs != [0]: raise MisconfigurationException( "IPUs currently does not support different `accumulate_grad_batches` at different epochs." ) # TODO(@tchaton): Add support for accumulate_grad_batches being a dictionary accumulation_scheduler.scheduling.update({0: 1}) @property def _n_replicate(self) -> int: assert self.lightning_module is not None opts = self.training_opts if self.lightning_module.training else self.inference_opts accumulate_grad_batches = opts.Training.gradient_accumulation device_iterations = opts.device_iterations replication_factor = opts.replication_factor return replication_factor * device_iterations * accumulate_grad_batches def _prepare_input(self, args: Any) -> Any: def to_tuple(x: Any) -> Tuple: return tuple(x) def to_tensor(x: Any) -> Tensor: return torch.tensor(x).unsqueeze(0).repeat(self._n_replicate) args = apply_to_collection(args, dtype=list, function=to_tuple) args = apply_to_collection(args, dtype=(int, float), function=to_tensor) return args
[docs] def batch_to_device(self, batch: Any, device: Optional[torch.device] = None, dataloader_idx: int = 0) -> Any: # This override is necessary because the cast must occur before the data # is moved to the device to prevent wasteful host->device copies. batch = apply_to_collection(batch, Tensor, function=_fp_to_half, precision=self.precision_plugin.precision) # We don't call `super().batch_to_device` because `data.to(device)` is not # currently necessary for IPUs. The movement of data from host<->IPU is # currently handled by PopTorch. return batch
def _disable_zero_grad(self) -> None: lightning_module = self.lightning_module assert lightning_module is not None if is_overridden("optimizer_zero_grad", lightning_module): assert lightning_module is not None # `is_overridden` returns False otherwise rank_zero_warn( "You have overridden the `LightningModule.optimizer_zero_grad` hook but it will be ignored since" " IPUs handle the zeroing of gradients internally." ) lightning_module.optimizer_zero_grad = None # type: ignore[assignment] def _step(self, stage: RunningStage, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> STEP_OUTPUT: args = self._prepare_input(args) poptorch_model = self.poptorch_models[stage] with pl.core.module._jit_is_scripting(): return poptorch_model(*args, **kwargs)
[docs] def training_step(self, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> STEP_OUTPUT: with self.precision_plugin.train_step_context(): return self._step(RunningStage.TRAINING, *args, **kwargs)
[docs] def validation_step(self, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Optional[STEP_OUTPUT]: with self.precision_plugin.val_step_context(): return self._step(RunningStage.VALIDATING, *args, **kwargs)
[docs] def test_step(self, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Optional[STEP_OUTPUT]: with self.precision_plugin.test_step_context(): return self._step(RunningStage.TESTING, *args, **kwargs)
[docs] def predict_step(self, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> STEP_OUTPUT: with self.precision_plugin.predict_step_context(): return self._step(RunningStage.PREDICTING, *args, **kwargs)
[docs] def teardown(self) -> None: if self._update_dataloader_original is not None: # undo dataloader patching pl.trainer.connectors.data_connector._update_dataloader = self._update_dataloader_original assert self.lightning_module is not None if self._optimizer_zero_grad_original is not None: # re-enable `optimizer_zero_grad` self.lightning_module.optimizer_zero_grad = self._optimizer_zero_grad_original # type: ignore[assignment] for model in self.poptorch_models.values(): model.destroy() super().teardown()
def _compiled(self, model: Any) -> bool: # Required to ensure we only attach compiled models, as they are compiled lazily. return model._executable is not None def _detach_models(self) -> None: """Detaches all stage specific models from IPU devices.""" for k, model in self.poptorch_models.items(): if self._compiled(model) and model.isAttachedToDevice(): model.detachFromDevice() def _load_model(self, stage: RunningStage) -> None: """Loads the stage specific accelerator model onto device if compiled and not attached to IPU devices. Args: stage: The stage to load """ self._detach_models() model = self.poptorch_models[stage] if self._compiled(model) and not model.isAttachedToDevice(): model.attachToDevice()
[docs] def on_train_start(self) -> None: self._load_model(RunningStage.TRAINING)
[docs] def on_validation_start(self) -> None: self._load_model(RunningStage.VALIDATING)
[docs] def on_test_start(self) -> None: self._load_model(RunningStage.TESTING)
[docs] def on_predict_start(self) -> None: self._load_model(RunningStage.PREDICTING)
[docs] def on_train_end(self) -> None: self._detach_models()
[docs] def on_validation_end(self) -> None: self._detach_models()
[docs] def on_test_end(self) -> None: self._detach_models()
[docs] def on_predict_end(self) -> None: self._detach_models()
[docs] def on_train_batch_start(self, batch: Any, batch_idx: int) -> None: # Updates optimizer stats if LR scheduler modified the optimizer state optimizer = self.optimizers[0] self.poptorch_models[RunningStage.TRAINING].setOptimizer(optimizer)
@property def root_device(self) -> torch.device: pass
[docs] def model_to_device(self) -> None: pass
@property def is_global_zero(self) -> bool: return True
[docs] def reduce(self, tensor: Union[Tensor, Any], *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Union[Tensor, Any]: return tensor
[docs] def barrier(self, name: Optional[str] = None) -> None: pass
[docs] def all_gather(self, tensor: Tensor, group: Optional[Any] = None, sync_grads: bool = False) -> Tensor: return tensor
[docs] def broadcast(self, obj: TBroadcast, src: int = 0) -> TBroadcast: return obj
@classmethod def register_strategies(cls, strategy_registry: Dict) -> None: strategy_registry.register( cls.strategy_name, cls, description=f"{cls.__class__.__name__}", )

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